Robinson Crusoe vs Pride and Prejudice - 2573 Words

Robinson Crusoe Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe (1719) is one of the most important novels of the eighteenth century, and of the English literature. It is certainly the first novel in the sense that it is the first fictional narrative in which the ordinary person’s activities are the centre of continuous literary attention. Before that, in the early eighteenth century, authors like Pope, Swift, Addison and Steele looked back to the Rome of Caesar Augustus (27 BC – 14 AD) as a golden age. That period is called the Augustan age. Literature was very different since it focused on mythology and epic heroes. However, to what extent can Robinson Crusoe be called the â€Å"first novel† and how is it different from all that have been done so far?†¦show more content†¦The shifts of interests are mainly caused by a change in society and a transformation in people’s minds. In Austen’s times, the most important thing is not the individual in itself but far more, the individual living in a society strongly hierarchical, and based on a strong and deeply rooted system of class. That difference can be pointed by the two openings of Pride and Prejudice on the one hand, and Robinson Crusoe on the other hand. â€Å"It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters. [†¦]† â€Å"I was born in the year 1632, in the city of York, of a good family, though not of that country, my father being a foreigner of Bremen who settled first at Hull. [†¦]† The choice of words clearly shows that the two books are about to tackle different perspectives: the individual in Robinson Crusoe and the relation of the individual and the society in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice. To carry on with Pride and Prejudice, marriage and money were two recurrent themes in Victorian people’s minds, as shown with Mrs Bennet, who in the very first chapter claims, â€Å"the business of her life was to get her daughters married.† In Austen’s plot, theShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesprovides tools/ supplies, etc.) Are there written contracts or employee-type benefits (i.e., pension plan, insurance, vacation pay, etc.)? Will the relationship continue, and is the work performed a key aspect of the business? Exhibit 1-5 Employee vs. Independent Contractor The difference between employees and independent contractors is an important yet frequently difficult distinction to make. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) published guidelines for employers. Type of Relationship Businesses

Rhetorical Analysis of “Pink Think” Free Essays

Women have been told what to do since the beginning of time. â€Å"Pink Think† furthers that idea. This article by Lynn Peril explains what influences have impacted the way females act and think. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Pink Think† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Emotional appeal, the use of the theory pink think and her use of specific examples from history all come together to establish her case that women have been expected to fit into a specific mold in order to be a successful woman in life. Every woman feels the need to fit in with society. By fitting in, the woman would get the perfect guy, be successful in life and feel included. Lynn Peril shows how the attitude of Pink think made women feel the need to fit in. There were articles that showed the joys of housewifery. Women who read these articles felt that if they were a housewife and enjoyed the aspects of it written in the article, they fit in. It is a trait in women that all women want to fit in. We look in magazines and wish to look and dress like the models. This was what women thought about Pink think. It was the â€Å"in† way to act and think. Women who thought this way fit in and those who did no wanted to so that they could fit in. Lynn Peril shows how Pink think made women want to fit in, and it worked. The theory of Pink Think is a set of ideas and attitudes about what constitutes proper female behavior. It was very popular from the 1940s to the 1970s. The theory of Pink think is the main argument of this essay. The cultural mindset of Pink think touched every female. The women read about it in articles, teens learned about it in their home economics textbooks, and little girls learned the feminine behaviors in games such as Miss. Popularity. With all the aspects of a woman’s life having some type of Pink think, it is no wonder women felt the need to fit into this mold. Pink think also told women that femininity was the only way to get and marry a man. And that was the only way to have a child, which was what women were supposed to do. Pink think also â€Å"made beauty, charm, and submissive behavior of mandatory importance to women of all ages in order to win a man’s attention and hold his interest after marriage. † It made women believe the only thing to do in life was to please a man. Pink think took over the way women act and thought in order to fit into what society thought a woman should be like. The use of specific examples in â€Å"Pink Think† helped Lynn Peril show that this theory influenced women in any stage of their life. Pink think influenced women from the way they put on their bathing suit to the choice of contraception. The example that had a real influence on me was the Miss America competition of 1961. Nancy Fleming’s answer to just kick both of her heals off and continue down the runway was a good one, but her answer that too many women were working and they should just be at home was shocking. Also the fact that she won after that answer really surprised me. Fleming was putting women throughout the country down and saying they should just stay at home and have no place in the workforce. Women should have the choice to work or stay at home. I do not think the role model for America should have told the world that women are over powering men and her place is in the home. Peril’s use of several specific examples allows her to connect to deferent readers. By having several examples, Lynn Peril expands the audience that she affects. By using emotional appeal, the use of Pink think, and several specific examples Lynn Peril shows readers how women were influenced to act and think a certain way. Some of these attitudes are still looming around today. Just because Pink think was popular from 1940-1970, does not mean the idea does not show up today. Women are still expected to act and think a certain way. Lynn Peril showed how women were supposed to act back then, and it has changed in present day, but some ideas are still around. How to cite Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"Pink Think†, Papers

User Interface Design Project for Tablets Museum Guided Exhibition

Question: You are to prepare the project scope and initial requirements and assumptions for a new Interface Design project for the Museum Guided Exhibition as outlined in the Museum Guided Exhibition problem case study. You are to prepare a Project Brief for this project. The project brief will set the basis for the rest of your assignment work in ITC504. You should approach this project as a blue sky project. That is, you are going to design and develop an interface that is different to those that you have previously worked on. This means that your planning will necessarily be somewhat more diffident as you will be doing research during the planning and design process to achieve your design aims. Your project brief should include the following sections: Overview Vision Scope Outcomes Key assumptions Objectives, Outputs and Targets Answer: 1. Overview The state museum holds several exhibition of their permanent collection and temporary collections. The museum tracks information about their permanent information. Recently the museum authority has planned to provide some multimedia based platform to provide information about their collections to the visitors of exhibitions. So, they have planned to provide some information kiosks as well as tablets to their visitors. The tablet will have some pre-defined path that may be followed by the users to visit an exhibition. Alternatively a user can select some random path. Thus there will be interactive map based support to roam around an exhibition (Tidwell, 2010). Additionally, the tablet will be used to provide information about the items on an exhibition. A user can search for a particular item also. The tablet should provide information about the locations of items and facilities. There should be support in the tablet to determine shortest route to some item from the current position o f the user. Additionally, there should be support for multiple languages and users of all age groups. Designing interfaces for the tablets should cover all the requirements stated above. This project is about designing proper user interfaces for the tablets that will accompany users in an exhibition. 2. Vision Visitors will get an enriching and multimedia based experience while visiting an experience. They will have a tablet and multimedia based guidance in an exhibition. The tablets with preloaded applications will be helpful in finding route through an exhibition, finding an item, finding a facility etc. Everything is just a few touches ahead. The tablets will be a virtual IT based companion and guide to a visitor in an exhibition. (Wood, 2014) 3. Scope In this project only the interface designs will be done. The functionalities of the tablets have been already suggested. Any other technical or functional details or requirements are beyond the scope of the project. The scope of this project is limited to the designs of tablet interfaces only based on the functionalities and requirements suggested by the state museum management. There is no scope of suggesting any new functionality but there is full scope to design some innovative and unique tablet interface design. (Hoober Berkman, 2011) 4. Outcomes The project outcomes will be, Designs of tablet interfaces including buttons, tooltips, text, hyperlinks, slideshows and other audio visual support. Designs for multi-language support. 5. Key Assumptions Following assumptions have been taken for this project, The project is only focused on design aspects of the interfaces. No technical of functional details of the interfaces will be considered. Cost is not a factor. Performance criteria is only interface usability, consumption of computing resources like power, memory, CPU cycles have not been considered. (Hoober Berkman, 2011) The tablets will be used for pre-defined purposes only. Those will not be used in any other works like calling, surfing internet etc. The interfaces will be interactive. 6. Objectives, outputs, targets The objectives of the project is to design better and more efficient user interfaces for the tablets. The outputs should be usable interface designs for different groups of users including old people and teenagers, people speaking different languages. 7. Success Criteria The success criteria of the project are, Successful completion of project within time and budget. (Carroll, 2012) Ensuring meeting to all requirements. References Carroll, J. (2012). Effective Project Management in Easy Steps. In Easy Steps. Hoober, S., Berkman, E. (2011). Designing Mobile Interfaces. O'Reilly Media, Inc. Tidwell, J. (2010). Designing Interfaces. O'Reilly Media, Inc. Wood, D. (2014). Basics Interactive Design: Interface Design. Bloomsbury Publishing.

The Scarlet Letter (5) Essays - Films, Creative Works,

The Scarlet Letter: A Devil In Disguise The master of deception is not Hillary Clinton or Donald Trump. It's not social media or art. It's not even the enticing and popular magician David Copperfield. The master of deception is far beyond earthly beings. It lays below the earth with only the most evil of spirits. This is none other than the Devil himself. Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author of The Scarlet Letter , has thoroughly captured the grotesque ways of Satan through his character Roger Chillingworth. Although some may disagree and say he is not, Roger Chillingworth is the perfect embodiment of Satan. We can all agree that Chillingworth is the antagonist in this novel. However, since not all are convinced his character symbolizes the Devil, I have three compelling topics of evidence to make you think. One, he is filled with vengeance. Two, he physically resembles a demon. Lastly, comparisons are made that refer to the Bible's description of Satan and Hell. As we discussed, Chillingworth can be seen as a representation of the devil in many ways. To begin with, he is filled with vengeance from the very moment he learns about Hester's crime. Revenge is an immoral quality, especially when it consumes one's life. Chillingworth shows his obsession by saying "I shall seek this man, as I have sought truth in books; as I have sought gold in alchemy. There is a sympathy that will make me conscious of him. I shall see him tremble. I shall feel myself shudder, suddenly and unawares. Sooner or later, he must needs be mine!". Somebody of faith would likely forgive Hester, but Chillingworth does the opposite. Also, Chillingworth is not a religious individual. He is familiar with dark practices such as alchemy, and looks at life from a scientific perspective. Physically, Chillingworth is described as deformed and unattractive. His shoulders aren't even and he is old. Over time, his features become more demon-like: "what a change had come over his features,-how much uglier they were,-how his dark complexion seemed to have grown duskier, and his figure more misshapen," Nathaniel Hawthorne describes. The Bible references made are very clear. About Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth's torture of him, Hester says, 'Better he had died at once!' 'Yea, woman, thou sayest truly!' cried old Roger Chillingworth, letting the lurid fire of his heart blaze out before her eyes. This lurid fire seems to refer to the Bible's image of the fires of hell which have been kindled in his heart since he began to exact his evil vengeance on Dimmesdale. Finally, Chillingworth says, I pity thee, for the good that has been wasted in thy nature.' 'And I thee,' answered Hester Prynne, 'for the hatred that has transformed a wise and just man to a fiend!' In the Bible, the devil is often referred to as the Arch Fiend, and so this quotation may be interpreted as Hester again comparing Chillingworth to the devil. In conclusion, Nathaniel Hawthorne's character, Roger Chillingworth, from The Scarlet Letter , horrifically symbolizes Satan as the nasty being "it" is. Between his hateful vengeance, demonic appearance, and clear Biblical references; I am so relieved this particular man only lives in the book. As Christians, it is important for us to recognize these evil beings and stay true to our Lord, the only one who can protect us from the Devil's deception.

History of the Birth of Venus essays

History of the Birth of Venus essays Through the centuries, artists have been astounded by the beauty and serenity of Aphrodite, causing various representations of guises and poses. These guises and poses caused such a stir that artists were kept busy to satisfy the hungry collectors (Loggia). Aphrodite is known as the Greek goddess of love, desire, beauty, fertility, the sea, and vegetation (Paris) and has many mythological significance about her to cause artists to be fascinated. Many artists have tried to depict various women as Aphrodite. This was a way for the artist to show their own personal feeling towards the woman. Every woman dreams of having goddess qualities and the artist try to succeed in doing so (Paris). The goddess of love and beauty has become an inspiration to many artists throughout history and continues to seduce those artists who capture her brilliance through the portrayals of her birth, mythological influences, and the ideal female body image. One way Aphrodite has influenced artists has been he r birth from the sea and how artists depict not only her in great detail but also her surroundings with many influences to the piece of work. As told through numerous myths, Aphrodite was thought to have been born from the sea. An interesting subject for art. The Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli One cannot describe the rebirth of lifelike art without first describing its predecessor, therefore to understand the full glory of the Renaissance, a short explanation of the Middle Ages is needed. During the Middle Ages, art had strayed from elaborate depictions of great mythological stories and beautiful scenes from the bible, to images of humans as corrupt beings and scenes of judgment and salvation from the bible. It was not permitted to paint nudes during this period; moreover the clothed figures were done with blatant ignorance to anatomy. Art during this period was used as an aid to the church; therefore ...

Biography of Ninoy Aquino, Filipino Opposition Leader

Biography of Ninoy Aquino, Filipino Opposition Leader Benigno Simeon  Ninoy  Aquino Jr. (November 27, 1932–August 21, 1983) was a Filipino political leader who led the opposition against Ferdinand Marcos, the dictator of the Philippines. For his activities, Aquino was imprisoned for seven years. He was assassinated in 1983 after returning from a period of exile in the United States. Fast Facts: Ninoy Aquino Known For: Aquino led the Filipino opposition party during the reign of Ferdinand Marcos.Also Known As: Benigno Ninoy Aquino Jr.Born: November 27, 1932 in Concepcion, Tarlac,  Philippine IslandsParents: Benigno Aquino Sr.  and Aurora Lampa AquinoDied: August 21, 1983 in Manila, PhilippinesSpouse: Corazon Cojuangco (m. 1954–1983)Children: 5 Early Life Benigno Simeon Aquino, Jr., nicknamed Ninoy, was born into a wealthy landowning family in Conception, Tarlac, Philippines, on November 27, 1932. His grandfather Servillano Aquino y Aguilar had been a general in the anti-colonial Philippine Revolution. Ninoys father Benigno Aquino Sr. was a longtime Filipino politician. Ninoy attended several excellent private schools in the Philippines as he was growing up. However, his teen years were full of turmoil. Ninoys father was jailed as a collaborator when the boy was only 12  and died three years later, just after Ninoys 15th birthday. A somewhat indifferent student, Ninoy decided to go to Korea to report on the Korean War at the age of 17 rather than going to university. He reported on the war for the Manila Times, earning the Philippine Legion of Honor for his work. In 1954 when he was 21, Ninoy Aquino began studying law at the University of the Philippines. There, he belonged to the same branch of the Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity as his future political opponent Ferdinand Marcos. Political Career The same year he started law school, Aquino married Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco, a fellow law student from a major Chinese/Filipino banking family. The couple first met at a birthday party when they were both 9 years old  and became reacquainted after Corazon returned to the Philippines following her university studies in the United States. A year after they married, in 1955, Aquino was elected mayor of his hometown of Concepcion, Tarlac. He was only 22 years old. Aquino went on to rack up a string of records for being elected at a young age: he was elected vice-governor of the province at 27, governor at 29, and secretary-general of the Philippines Liberal Party at 33. Finally, at 34, he became the nations youngest senator. From his place in the Senate, Aquino blasted his former fraternity brother, President Ferdinand Marcos, for setting up a militarized government and for corruption and extravagance. Aquino also took on First Lady Imelda Marcos, dubbing her the Philippines Eva Peron, although as students the two had briefly dated. Opposition Leader Charming and always ready with a good soundbite, Senator Aquino settled into his role as the primary gadfly of the Marcos regime. He consistently blasted Marcos  financial policies and his spending on personal projects and enormous military outlays. On August 21, 1971, Aquinos Liberal Party staged its political campaign kickoff rally. Aquino himself was not in attendance. Shortly after the candidates took the stage, two huge explosions rocked the rally- the work of fragmentation grenades hurled into the crowd by unknown assailants. The grenades killed eight people and injured about 120 more. Aquino accused Marcoss Nacionalista Party of being behind the attack. Marcos countered by blaming communists and arresting a number of known Maoists. Martial Law and Imprisonment On September 21, 1972, Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in the Philippines. Among the people swept up and jailed on fabricated charges was Ninoy Aquino. He faced charges of murder, subversion, and weapons possession, and was tried in a military kangaroo court. On April 4, 1975, Aquino went on a hunger strike to protest the military tribunal system. Even as his physical condition deteriorated, his trial continued. The slight Aquino refused all nourishment but salt tablets and water for 40 days  and dropped from 120 to 80 pounds. Aquinos friends and family convinced him to begin eating again after 40 days. His trial dragged on, however, and did not conclude until November 25, 1977. On that day, the military commission found him guilty on all counts. Aquino was to be executed by firing squad. Peoples Power From prison, Aquino played a major organizational role in the 1978 parliamentary elections. He founded a new political party, known as the Peoples Power or Lakas ng Bayan party (LABAN for short). Although the LABAN party enjoyed huge public support, every one of its candidates lost in the thoroughly rigged election. Nonetheless, the election proved that Aquino could act as a powerful political catalyst even from a cell in solitary confinement. Feisty and unbowed, despite the death sentence hanging over his head, he was a serious threat to the Marcos regime. Heart Problems and Exile Sometime in March 1980, in an echo of his own fathers experience, Aquino suffered a heart attack in his prison cell. A second heart attack at the Philippine Heart Center showed that he had a blocked artery, but Aquino refused to allow surgeons in the Philippines to operate on him for fear of foul play by Marcos. Imelda Marcos made a surprise visit to Aquinos hospital room on May 8, 1980, offering him a medical furlough to the United States for surgery. She had two stipulations, however: Aquino had to promise to return to the Philippines and he had to swear not to denounce the Marcos regime while he was in the United States. That same night, Aquino and his family got on a plane bound for Dallas, Texas. The Aquino family decided not to return to the Philippines right after Aquinos recovery from surgery. They moved instead to Newton, Massachusetts, not far from Boston. There, Aquino accepted fellowships from Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which allowed him the opportunity to give a series of lectures and write two books. Despite his earlier pledge to Imelda, Aquino was highly critical of the Marcos regime during his stay in America. Death In 1983, Ferdinand Marcoss health began to deteriorate, and with it his iron grip on the Philippines. Aquino worried that if he died, the country would descend into chaos and an even more extreme government might emerge. Aquino decided to take the risk of returning to the Philippines, fully aware that he might well be reimprisoned or even killed. The Marcos regime tried to prevent his return by revoking his passport, denying him a visa, and warning international airlines that they would not be allowed landing clearance if they tried to bring Aquino into the country. On August 13, 1983, Aquino began a meandering, week-long flight that took him from Boston to Los Angeles and through Singapore, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Because Marcos had cut off diplomatic relations with Taiwan, the government there was under no obligation to cooperate with his regimes goal of keeping Aquino away from Manila. As China Airlines Flight 811 descended into Manila International Airport on August 21, 1983, Aquino warned the foreign journalists traveling with him to have their cameras ready. In a matter of three or four minutes it could all be over, he noted with chilling prescience. Minutes after the plane touched down, he was dead- killed by an assassins bullet. Legacy After a 12-hour funeral procession, in which an estimated two million people took part, Aquino was buried in the Manila Memorial Park. The leader of the Liberal Party famously eulogized Aquino as the greatest president we never had. Many commentators compared him to the executed anti-Spanish revolutionary leader Jose Rizal. Inspired by the outpouring of support she received after Aquinos death, the formerly shy Corazon Aquino became a leader of the anti-Marcos movement. In 1985, Ferdinand Marcos called for a snap presidential election in a ploy to reinforce his power. Aquino ran against him, and Marcos was proclaimed the winner in a clearly falsified result. Mrs. Aquino called for massive demonstrations, and millions of Filipinos rallied to her side. In what became known as the People Power Revolution, Ferdinand Marcos was forced into exile. On February 25, 1986, Corazon Aquino became the 11th President of the Philippine Republic and its first female president. Ninoy Aquinos legacy did not end with his wifes six-year presidency, which saw democratic principles reintroduced into the nation. In June 2010, his son Benigno Simeon Aquino III, known as Noy-noy, became president of the Philippines. Sources MacLean, John. â€Å"Philippines Recalls Aquino Killing.† BBC News, BBC, 20 Aug. 2003.Nelson, Anne. In the Grotto of the Pink Sisters: Cory Aquinos Test of Faith, Mother Jones Magazine, Jan. 1988.Reid, Robert H., and Eileen Guerrero. Corazon Aquino and the Brushfire Revolution. Louisiana State University Press, 1995.

Team motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team motivation - Essay Example The organization is now on the treat o dissolving. In due with that, he should quickly establish many changes (which are actually revivals based on their history as currently they had not implemented) on the organization. He should revive the parliamentary rules and procedures on meetings. According to the code of ethics, it to make sure that the meeting shall go professionally, or is in other terms without bias (Slaughter, online, 2006). This is a kind if self-regulation on the president's part, which is technically backed up by a due process-i.e. he could not make decisions on his own, pass bias judgment. In fact he cannot even vote. In meetings, the writer must be careful of his nonverbal cues, which can influence other emotions (Academic, 1992, 18:12). He should smile often, and control the tone of his gestures into non-threatening, as Patton would suggest in her example (1997, 118-120). It is about 10 years ago that the since SAO had appointed chairpersons on its activities. Choosing the right people for the first time to chair the right activity was the next challenge. The writer must, prior on that meeting had asked members individually what event do they want to lead. During the past 10 years, the president always "led" all of the activities, which were just a carbon copy of that of last year.

America Between Dream and Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

America Between Dream and Reality - Essay Example The dream held that citizens had rights, including the right to life, the pursuit of happiness, and liberty. Such rights were believed to have come from God and were neither derived nor conferred by the state. The dream provided that every man was an air of dignity, legacy, and worth (Dyson, 2000). In reality, citizens have professed for great democratic principles, but have failed in the practice of such principles. America is still challenged in achieving its dream more than ever because the nation is not permitted for an anemic democracy. The price that America is obliged to pay for the perpetual oppression of minority groups, may lead to its own destruction. The existence of a dream is necessary to challenge America on the need to ensure justice, brotherhood, and love among the citizens. Martin Luther had declared his mission of saving America’s soul. He used protests and demonstrations in order to bring out redemptive measures that would heal America. His concerns were pa rticularly revolving around issues of race. The picture chosen describes Martin Luther King Jr. during his famous speech â€Å"I have a dream†. The way he was acting during his speech reinforced what he was saying as he had a very strong posture. You can see from Martin Luther King's body language that he was quiet and grounded as he conveyed his discourse. Despite the fact that you cant see his feet as he's talking, Id envisions him to be intensely planted to the ground, with a strong carriage that says, "Here I am. I'm not moving. Right away, you come to me." No one from the 200 000 people that were at the Washington rally could have stopped his speech or made put him off track if they tried because of how strongly determined he was during it.  

Self Esteem vs Self Confidence Essay Example for Free

Self Esteem vs Self Confidence Essay Have you ever truly been proud of yourself? That is the reason I think self-confidence is better than self-esteem. Having self-confidence is better than having self-esteem, because you earn self-confidence, and are given self-esteem. For example if someone compliments you on your looks or for a job well done it boosts your self-esteem. When you accomplish a goal such as a good grade in a hard class or making a weight loss goal it is something you have done for yourself and it boosts your self-confidence. Self-confidence reflects a pursuit of change accompanied by a belief in somehow being able to make some type of improvement (Dreier, 2008). When you have self-confidence it means you are not only setting goals for yourself you are accomplishing those goals. And when you achieve those accomplishments don’t you feel proud of yourself? It was proven in a study that the more self-confidence you have the better you may do on certain tasks (Laird, 2007). When people try and succeed at improving their lives they increase the self-confidence they have. Also having self-confidence helps you become more aware of the things you can accomplish. Succeeding in goals such as getting into college or weight loss helps you to try new and maybe even harder things. Which helps to prove the more you achieve the further you may be willing to go, or the more you may be willing to try. It is easier to accomplish these tasks and goals when you have the confidence in yourself to think you can complete them. Even the difference in your posture and or thoughts are said to have an effect on the way others perceive you (Laird, 2007). Which helps me to prove another point, showing pride in what you do is better than showing pride in your looks. Sometimes showing pride in your looks can turn people away or even make people think you are a conceded person. Other people can also use that against you if they don’t like you or have a grudge against you they can use criticism or insults to make you feel bad about yourself which hurts your self-esteem. Sometimes just trying something new can help to boost your self-confidence as well because taking that step and getting over your fear means you can take pride in the fact that you at least tried it and got over the fear of it. It may even give you more confidence to possibly try other things that you could be afraid of. With self-esteem you can also promote healthy mental well-being, assertiveness, resilience and more. Evidence was found supporting the position that high self-esteem is helpful in dealing with stress and avoiding anxiety in a way that allows a person to continue functioning in the face of stress or even trauma (Baumeister, Campbell, Krueger Vohs, 2003). Baumeister and colleagues (2003) have also said there is a positive statistical relationship between high self-esteem and happiness. It has been proven that people with high self-esteem simply feel better about themselves, about life, and about the future (Mruk, 2006). A person can change levels of self-esteem due to certain types of situations or even different settings. However those levels can also vary in more complex ways as well. For example, Harter and Whitesell (2003) found that for some people, self-esteem could be relatively stable and in others it could vary considerably over time, in different situations, or even both. It has also been noted that other factors could affect the level and stability of self-esteem, such as clarity of self-concept (Campbell, 1999). Apparently, some individuals that have weak, ill-defined, or uncertain self-concepts are much more susceptible to negative feedback and or failure. I believe like many others that those facts are true but what several people don’t know is that your self-esteem can also be destroyed by a simple opinion, criticism, or even insult. When someone tells you that an outfit you are wearing or the way you did your makeup does not look good don’t you tend to change your clothes or try to fix your makeup? That is a blow to your self-esteem and most of the time after someone says something like that to you, you feel hurt or down about what they have said. People with positive self-views also are relatively reluctant to admit when they are ignorant (Dunning, 2005). Anyone from friends to even some family members may try to put you down at some point in your life. This could also be very damaging to your self-esteem and may possibly have a negative effect on your mental health and well-being. It is a proven fact that every person has an opinion and most people are not shy about sharing what that opinion is. You may end up not liking what they have to say, and when they tell you what that opinion is it can hurt your feelings and your self-esteem. I have found that people with high self-esteem may blame others for their own shortcomings in relationships or even engage in downward social comparisons that puts other people down personally (Crocker Park, 2004; Harter, 1999). Everyone has a difference of opinion about self-confidence and self-esteem, and which one means more to them. It is also clear that everyone has some level of self-confidence and self-esteem within themselves and that there are differences between the two, but which one do you think is better to have? Do you think either one helps you achieve your goals or dreams? Or do you believe that they are both the same thing? I encourage you to look inside yourself for the answers to these questions or maybe even do some research of your own, because you may end up changing your mind with the information that you find.

Atypical Childhood Social Behavior and Phthalates, BPA Essay -- Medica

The Article describes how endocrine disruptors can produce childhood social impairment and more specifically the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates exposure during pregnancy produces autistic-like social behaviors in children. The specific social behaviors that occur from phthalates and BPA exposure are difficult interpersonal and social awareness skills. Phthalates and BPA, the independent variable, are endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). The EDCs interfere with the body’s hormones which are critical to brain development (Braun, 2011). Changes to hormone levels during pregnancy can lead to brain change that can alter childhood behavior. BPA and phthalates are consumer products used in plastics, food can linings, food packaging, cosmetics, personal care products and vinyl plastics. Other studies have found that animals exposed to BPA and phthalates before birth have altered behavior; also, collaborating research shows that same effect in humans (Miodovnik, 20 11). Additional studies also show a connection between these chemicals and hormonal signaling. According to this article 137 mothers and their children were observed over a span of nine years by Mt. Sinai School of Medicine in New York City (Braun, 2011). These mothers came from varying ethnic backgrounds and came from a lower income area of New York City. These women also were of lower education although a majority of them increased their education levels by the end of this study. The ages of the women were fairly evenly distributed from 20- 30 years of age for the majority of the participants (Miodovnik, 2011). This sampling of woman is representative of their target population because of the varying ages and ethnicities that were used and also those ... ...per it would have given more credence to the research without adding any length to the article. If I had to add anything else to this article I would have liked to have seen some of the supporting research added to the content of the article; because, whenever you support your writing with other people’s work it always adds credence to what you are stating, it is the staple of peer review. Also this media article did not include any type of graphics and it would have been nice to see the scatter point graph included in this article as it does a good job of showing the natural increase in atypical behaviors as the levels of EDC’s increased. Works Cited Braun. (2011, april 06). Enviromental Health News. Retrieved from www.enviromentalhealthnews.org. Miodovnik, A. E. (2011). Endocrine disruptors and childhood social impairment. NueroToxicology, 261-267.

Comparative Models of Counselling

A report that reflects on Person Centred Therapy and considers how this model could be incorporated alongside the core model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in my current Counselling Practice. I reflected on Person-centred Therapy (PCT) as the comparative model because of the conflict that exists between this and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). The conflict is historical, political and from personal experience. In therapy twenty years ago I became frustrated with my counsellor’s person-centred approach. I challenged my counsellor to provide me with more support and help.I therefore had preconceived ideas of PCT which may be similar to stereotypical thinking of these models. It was excessively warm, completely non-directive and only reflected back to the client, which I found frustrating. I understand now it was because my coping style was externalised and I had no control over external events, which suited a more direct counselling approach. So, how would this influence my practice as a counsellor? In theoretical terms and in observed practice I appreciated the benefits of PCT for its empathetic understanding and for clients who require a non-directive approach to gain emotional awareness.Presenting issues that can be helped by PTS are bereavement, drug and alcohol issues, depression, panic and anxiety, eating difficulties, self-harm, childhood sexual abuse (Tolan and Wilkins, 2012). I have used the model affectively for bereavement and sexual abuse as an offer of a direction would have been inappropriate and incongruent at the time. My preconceptions of CBT were solution focused, challenging and that low intensity based interventions ignore the client’s past. I feel competent in using certain behavioural intervention in my practice and challenge maladaptive thinking patterns in sessions.CBT is a medical model and although we have been taught the disadvantages to diagnoses, CBT is seen as the treatment of choice for many presenting problems due to the amount of empirical evidence available. These are anxiety disorders, panic, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, PTSD, bulimia and depression as identified by NICE (NICE, 2008, Accessed online 27/06/201). This report reflects on the appropriate use of the models. Stereotypes have some element of truth, but at the same time, are not the truths. I wanted to understand the similarities and parallels while respecting the fact that, in practise, I use both models.I didn’t want to do a bit of each badly, but use a model in full at the appropriate time and understand my reason for doing so (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). Both PCT and CBT are deeply rooted in the same philosophical underpinning of humanism, existentialism, and both are phenomenology particularly to the nature of suffering. However, there are differences in the understanding and interpretation of the philosophy. Both approaches view a person as continually seeking growth and self-actualisation. There are i ncompatible beliefs between the models. (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).PCT observes that seeking growth and self-actualisation is a way of being and in itself therapeutic. Rogers’ professed that there were six necessary conditions for therapeutic growth that alone were sufficient to lead to a fully functioning person. The individual is the own expert who can determine their own journey of their reality and can heal themselves with the core, being the relationship itself. The structure of the self includes self-concept and introjected beliefs. PCT communicates acceptance of the client’s own experience and encourages then to identify alternate choices.It is a continual journey of self-awareness and knowledge, with the drive always towards growth (Mearns & Thorne, 2012). CBT views growth and self-actualisation as a shared goal of therapy to be reached with a set of tools, to be implemented in therapy. CBT’s view comes from Ellis who defines a person as irrational and rational. In CBT terms ‘dysfunctional beliefs’ are similar to ‘introjected beliefs’ and led to distortion in the self-concept. The irrational cause’s distress and rational directs the individual to fully functioning. CBT primary belief is self distortion and the process of cognitive dissonance.Interventions such as the ABCDE framework are used to challenge and dispute irrational thinking and are aimed at increasing client’s self-awareness and self-understanding. CBT sees the relationship as more collaborative and facilitates new learning. An individual’s construct of reality is dimensional and irrationality stops the client from changing. Therefore, a person’s drive is not always towards growth (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). A similarity of both approaches is the understanding of self-worth and unconditional self-acceptance. The nature of suffering is seen the same. Humans are flawed, imperfect and we cause our own disturbance.Bo th see the client as the expert in the relationship. Authenticity is of great importance to both PCT and CBT as is the therapeutic relationship. It is the emphasis on the process of change, to become oneself, where the differences in two models lie (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). From a PCT perspective a client discovers some hidden aspect of them self that they weren’t aware of previously and moves towards a greater degree of acceptance of self by being prized by the therapist (unconditional positive regard), have a sense of realness (genuineness) and listen to them self (empathy).A client moves towards seeing new meaning. These changes are characteristic of therapeutic movement. The client moves along a continuum from rigid structure to flow which can be seen in the seven stages of therapeutic change. Rogers’ term was ‘organismic experiencing’ which was interpersonal in the therapeutic relationship through unconditional positive regard and intrapersonal with in the client accepting a new experience into their awareness (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). In PCT, the process of change there are different corrective experiences for a client.For me practising with a client group from a women’s refuge I use PCT and Rogers’ condition-of-worth. The incongruence between the self-concept and authentic self is evident due to the abuse. This creation of a false self is corrected with unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuineness. Process Theory is where, change in the experience of feelings and the recognition that the client is the creator of their own construct occurs. The therapeutic change has a developmental sequence.There is a change in the client’s manner of experiencing feelings and recognition of being the creator of their own constructs, accepting responsibility and in relating to others openly and freely. This is compatible with the condition of worth. A person moves with acceptance to a fully functioning person. The person’s overall ‘way of being’ is changed. Relating to a congruent therapist, the client learns to be open and congruent themselves (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). Unblocking or Focusing is where the self-correcting, self-healing process of the organism is blocked.The person can’t refer inwardly, focus on feelings or articulate meaning. They have a rigid self-concept. Empathic listening within the therapeutic relationship opens the issue to re-examination and unblocks the person self-healing process. There is an interaction between the feeling and the attention the client brings to create a new meaning. This is Gendlin’s felt sense, an unexpected feeling of flow. The client becomes an active self-healer who has been felt heard and understood (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).In practice building ‘Meaning Bridges’ – new understanding which identifying introjects imposed by others who imposed external systems of value has been paramount because of the external pressure that have be imposed through a close relationship. Internal opposing voices can be accepted, examined and resolved through compromise and collaborative solution. Until now, I saw this as CBT but can now see this as PCT with Rogers’s necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic change all that is needed for the process of change and this change occurs without engaging in cognitive process, but in the moment (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).I am able to draw personal parallels from watching Rogers’ session with Gloria. Gloria wanted an answer from Rogers. In the session she found it for herself, even though she actively interpreted that he had helped her to the decision; even though he hadn’t. She makes the decision of honesty for herself. Although non-directive, Rogers’s session had a focused, this was of self-healing and self-direction. Refuting the belief that the person-centred way is only to reflect back to the client. The warmth from the counsellor is also part of the process of condition of worth.This helps me challenge my preconceived ideas and understand what is happening in practice. In practise, I am aware from a CBT perspective the therapeutic approach can teach clients new skills. The therapist is regarded as more of a coach. The client benefits from new skills and perspectives which facilitate the learning and have a sense of efficacy. I have used CBT to look at specific problem behaviours and conceptualise them as having cognitive, affective, behavioural and physiological elements each of which can have a legitimate target for intervention and can be check for validity (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).The process of change occurs in practice as old ways are challenged through exposure exercise, behavioural experiments and cognitive restructuring techniques. Change occurs in the therapeutic setting or outside in a person everyday life. It may require repetition to produce a lasting effect and r educe maladapted patterns. This is where CBT and PCT are similar as this requires a strong therapeutic alliance, but CBT literature takes this as a given and may be a reason it is criticised. Clients are taught emotional regulation and basic functioning skills, such as problem-solving skills, breathing relaxation and active coping.Specific interventions are then used to motivate and foster the therapeutic relationship, such as cost benefit analysis, daily thought records, and in vivo exposure. Aligning client’s goals with interventions in a formulation develops the therapeutic alliance and collaborates with the client, with hypothesis-testing strategies used to undergo the process of change [Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). CBT is focused on corrective experiences and facilitates through interventions rather than challenging a client.It respects the importance of the therapeutic relationship and uses Rogers’ core conditions but does not see the conditions as sufficient. In -depth schema focused CBT takes the therapy to a deeper level and deals with past issues, than the low intensity offered by the NHS. Again my preconceptions are challenged for the benefit of my practice. I can see how the two models are not rivals, as Roger Casemore and Jeremy Tudway suggest in their book Person-centred Therapy and CBT, and that sibling as a metaphor works well (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).For me, the therapeutic relationship and the advanced empathy required in PCT are important in my practise along with the core conditions in order to create change. Rogers’ believes interventions as wrong, from a philosophical point of view, as the client always having to lead the therapy. This is because Rogers sees a person as having limitless potential. For me, CBT in offering intervention and gentle coaching helps a client on their journey to self-healing and a seed can be planted and therapeutic change can happen outside the counselling session.I support the views not all humans have the same drive and there is an unconscious element to being rational or irrational. It is a more real idea and not as optimistic as Rogers. It is observation of this therapeutic change and this idea that supports the use of CBT in my practise (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). The BACP ethical framework has been written with Rogers’ core conditions in mind. Therefore, PCT offers the client and the therapist the need to fulfil the principles of self-care, of being trustworthy and providing autonomy.As to the personal moral qualities the PCT requires the therapist to have advanced empathy. CBT has been criticised for focusing too much on the intervention and not being of beneficence. In CBT extra competence in the implementation of the intervention is required, so the criticism of the technique becoming the therapy cannot be applied . In writing this report and in my practise, I feel the difference are enough not to combine the models, but that each model can go into the same toolkit and used separately in the same session with a client.With the collaborative element in mind and further reading I am interested in the approach by Mick Cooper and John McLeod. The pluralistic perspective which believes individual clients would â€Å"benefit from different therapeutic methods† used at â€Å"different points in time†. Therapist would â€Å"work collaboratively† with clients. â€Å"Help them identify what they want from therapy† and how this can be achieved. It leaves the question of the process of therapy integration in practice open for debate. (Cooper, and McLeod, 2010, Assessed Online26/06/13).

Human Nature in Lord of the Flies †Essay Essay

Authors often use their pieces of work and different literary elements to explain their philosophy on certain â€Å"ways of life† that humans possess. In Lord of the Flies, William Golding shows his view on human nature with his intense plotline of young boys getting stranded on a deserted island, trying to survive by themselves with limited resources, and then over time losing their sense of civilization. In the beginning the boys combine themselves under one, but as the story progresses, the boys create different opinions on survival thus creating divides in the group. This leads to several different altercations where the boys turn to behaviors that are barbaric. Throughout the book, Golding’s use of imagery portrayed the characters as cruel. It is through the description of their behaviors that Golding depicts a pessimistic view of human nature. Across the text, the author has several examples showing his pessimistic views, but above all the one factor that shows the brutality of mankind is Jack’s constant behavior towards Piggy. Golding writes in one disagreement, â€Å"He took a step, and able at last to hit someone, stuck his fist into Piggy’s stomach. Piggy sat down with a grunt† (Golding, 71). The two main opponents in this argument were Ralph and Jack, but yet when Piggy made one statement agreeing with Ralph, he got punched in his stomach which caused him to smash his glasses. This violence is continued throughout the book, and it is directed towards Piggy by the others who have forgotten how to respect one another. This quote illustrates Golding’s pessimistic views by describing the many ways humans lose their sense of right and wrong. Over time, Jack’s usual behavior becomes nasty and vicious which holds against the humane ways of the world now, and rather dates back to the natural nature of animals. The violence that Jack expresses from time to time also shows the cynical character he has turned into without humanity surrounding him. A second example pertaining to Golding’s view on human nature and the negativity it has is the way the littluns are treated in this book. In the novel, he explains, â€Å"Roger stooped, picked up a stone, aimed, and threw it at Henry† (Golding, 62). In other words, Roger an older boy decides to physically try and hurt a younger child for no reason. Golding tries to show that there must be something wrong with Roger to enjoy torturing Henry. His depiction of human nature is shown through the mental images the reader gets of the terror Henry is put through. Roger was determined to scare the little boy into tears without a valid reason of doing so, except for the fact that he had no discipline and was allowed to be so unruly. It shows that without the laws and rules of the society, the boys were acting like wilds animals. The last act of cruelty that depicts the pessimistic views of human nature was in the end when the boys were stripped of their humane qualities. Robert mutters, â€Å"He didn’t say. He got angry and made us tie Wilfred up† (Golding, 159). Jack had made the boys tie Wilfred up for no reason, and was planning to beat him up in front of all the other boys. He was going to use him as a toy and play with his life just because he felt like it. Jack’s cruel behavior towards Wilfred never had a reason and the other boys just let it go because they were scared for their own lives. The civilized thought of having value for other people’s life was absent from these boys’ mind, and rather the barbaric thought of inflicting pain was taking over. This example proves Golding’s view on human nature is pessimistic because he shows that at the core, these boys are evil and malevolent. Due to all of these examples of cruelty, the author suggests that human nature in fact is pessimistic and negative. In the novel, the good that society usually pushes upon the boys is not present and therefore the natural traits of humans are shown. The boys retrogress back into time, and become very brutal. With no manners or discipline, the boys are reacting in non positive ways creating a domino effect of bad events though out the whole book, until the end when they are finally rescued. Golding portrays a very melancholy look on humans and their innate behavior as he completely breaks down certain traits humans have worked for ages to build. As they continue to bring cruelty into their world, the boy lose civilization and the sugar coating it puts on mankind’s natural behavior. Golding breaks down these boys and shows the true core of human nature.

The Trent Affair in the Civil War

The Trent Affair in the Civil War Trent Affair - Background: As the secession crisis progressed in early 1861, the departing states came together to form the new Confederate States of America. In February, Jefferson Davis was elected president and began working to achieve foreign recognition for the Confederacy. That month, he dispatched William Lowndes Yancey, Pierre Rost, and Ambrose Dudley Mann to Europe with orders to explain the Confederate position and endeavor to obtain support from Britain and France. Having just learned of the attack on Fort Sumter, the commissioners met with British Foreign Secretary Lord Russell on May 3. In the course of the meeting, they explained the Confederacys position and emphasized the importance of Southern cotton to British textile mills. Following the meeting, Russell recommended to Queen Victoria that Britain issue a declaration of neutrality in regard to the American Civil War. This was done on May 13. The declaration was immediately protested by the American ambassador, Charles Francis Adams, as it conveyed a recognition of belligerency. This afforded Confederate ships the same privileges given American ships in neutral ports and was seen as the first step toward diplomatic recognition. Though the British communicated with the Confederates through back channels during the summer, Russell rebuffed Yanceys request for a meeting shortly after the Southern victory at the First Battle of Bull Run. Writing on August 24, Russell informed him that the British government considered the conflict an internal matter and that its position would not alter unless battlefield developments or a move towards a peaceful settlement required it to change. Frustrated by a lack of progress, Davis decided to send two new commissioners to Britain. Trent Affair - Mason Slidell: For the mission, Davis chose James Mason, a former chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, and John Slidell, who had served as an American negotiator during the Mexican-American War. The two men were to emphasize the Confederacys strengthened position and the potential commercial benefits of trade between Britain, France, and the South. Traveling to Charleston, SC, Mason and Slidell intended to embark aboard CSS Nashville (2 guns) for the voyage to Britain. As Nashville appeared unable to evade the Union blockade, they instead boarded the smaller steamer Theodora. Using side channels, the steamer was able to evade the Union ships and arrived at Nassau, Bahamas. Finding they had missed their connection to St. Thomas, where they had planned to board a ship for Britain, the commissioners elected to travel to Cuba with the hope of catching a British mail packet. Forced to wait three weeks, they finally boarded the paddle steamer RMS Trent. Aware of the Confederate mission, Union Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles directed Flag Officer Samuel Du Pont to send a warship in pursuit of Nashville, which ultimately did sail, with goal of intercepting Mason and Slidell. Trent Affair - Wilkes Takes Action: On October 13, USS San Jacinto (6) arrived at St. Thomas after a patrol in African waters. Though under orders to head north for an attack against Port Royal, SC, its commander, Captain Charles Wilkes, elected to sail for Cienfuegos, Cuba after learning that CSS Sumter (5) was in the area. Arriving off Cuba, Wilkes learned that Mason and Slidell would be sailing aboard Trent on November 7. Though a well-known explorer, Wilkes had a reputation for insubordination and impulsive action. Seeing an opportunity, he took San Jacinto to the Bahama Channel with the goal of intercepting Trent. Discussing the legality of stopping the British ship, Wilkes and his executive officer, Lieutenant Donald Fairfax, consulted legal references and decided that Mason and Slidell could be considered contraband which would allow their removal from a neutral ship. On November 8, Trent was spotted and was brought to after San Jacinto fired two warning shots. Boarding the British ship, Fairfax had orders to remove Slidell, Mason, and their secretaries, as well as to take possession of Trent as a prize. Though he sent the Confederate agents across to San Jacinto, Fairfax convinced Wilkes not to make a prize of Trent. Somewhat uncertain of the legality of their actions, Fairfax reached this conclusion as San Jacinto lacked sufficient sailors to provide a prize crew and he did not wish to inconvenience the other passengers. Unfortunately, international law required that any ship carrying contraband be brought to port for adjudication. Departing the scene, Wilkes sailed for Hampton Roads. Arriving he received orders to take Mason and Slidell to Fort Warren in Boston, MA. Delivering the prisoners, Wilkes was hailed as a hero and banquets were given in his honor. Trent Affair - International Reaction: Though Wilkes was feted and initially praised by leaders in Washington, some questioned the legality of his actions. Welles was pleased with the capture, but expressed concern that Trent was not brought to a prize court. As November passed, many in the North began to realize that Wilkes actions may have been excessive and lacked legal precedent. Others commented that Mason and Slidells removal was similar to the impressment practiced by the Royal Navy which had contributed to War of 1812. As a result, public opinion began to swing towards releasing the men in order to avoid trouble with Britain. News of the Trent Affair reached London on November 27 and immediately incited public outrage. Angered, the government of Lord Palmerston viewed the incident as a violation of maritime law. As a possible war loomed between the United States and Britain, Adams and Secretary of State William Seward worked with Russell to diffuse the crisis with the former clearly stating that Wilkes acted without orders. Demanding the release of the Confederate commissioners and an apology, the British began reinforcing their military position in Canada. Meeting with his cabinet on December 25, President Abraham Lincoln listened as Seward outlined a possible solution which would appease the British but also preserve support at home. Seward stated that while stopping Trent had been consistent with international law, the failure to take it port was a severe error on the part of Wilkes. As such, the Confederates should be released â€Å"to do to the British nation just what we have always insisted all nations ought to do to us.† This position was accepted by Lincoln and two days later was presented to the British ambassador, Lord Lyons. Though Sewards statement offered no apology, it was viewed favorably in London and the crisis passed. Trent Affair - Aftermath: Released from Fort Warren, Mason, Slidell, and their secretaries embarked aboard HMS Rinaldo (17) for St. Thomas before traveling on to Britain. Though viewed as a diplomatic victory by the British, the Trent Affair showed American resolve to defend itself while also complying with international law. The crisis also worked to slow the European drive to offer the Confederacy diplomatic recognition. Though the threat of recognition and international intervention continued to loom through 1862, it receded following the Battle of Antietam and Emancipation Proclamation. With the focus of the war shifted to eliminating slavery, European nations were less enthusiastic about establishing an official connection with the South. Selected Sources US State Department: Trent AffairCivil War: The Trent Affair Library of Congress: Trent Affair

12 Experts Predict What The Most Successful Marketers Will Do In 2018

12 Experts Predict What The Most Successful Marketers Will Do In 2018 What will the most successful marketers do in 2018? It’s a simple question. And I wanted the answers from some of my super smart friends in the marketing industry to help my  team at be as successful as possible in 2018. My thought here was to use these predictions as potential future project ideas: Which of these predictions offer the biggest 10x growth opportunities? Are there things we’re already doing that we may need to improve or double down on? How may we optimize our strategy + processes to capitalize on new opportunities? Learning from others’ success is often a great way to become successful yourself. So†¦ †¦in the same breath†¦ I knew you  would likely learn a lot from these 2018 marketing predictions, too. I also thought you’d enjoy learning from my *informal* marketing mentors. What Are The Most Successful Marketers Doing? Download the 2018 State of Marketing Strategy Report to learn the strongest predictors of success with goals, strategy, process, and more. When you do, you’ll learn the benchmarks that set successful marketing teams apart from the rest. So get it now! Alright, though†¦ let’s hear what our experts predict for marketing success in 2018, shall we? ;) Adapt Quickly†¦ Agile #FTW Julia McCoy, CEO Of Express Writers, Instructor At contentstrategycourses.com Adapt.  This is the keyword to successful marketing in 2018. As we end 2017, we've seen incredibly major  changes happen to leading social platforms. Facebook Stories merging with Instagram Stories. Snapchat planning on a redesign after confirmation less people are using their platform. Twitter doubling their allowed character and word count per tweet. LinkedIn featuring trends that look very similar to Twitter trends. The demand for video, especially Facebook live streaming, will continue to grow. Along with adapting to (and knowing the trends), it's also vitally important to know what your users want. For example, in today's noisy social platform world where Facebook autoplays videos, some users seek the basics of beautiful imagery and a well-written story- and mute all videos. Don't overlook what your people want. It could be the basics. So, adapt with them in mind, at all times. With these keys in mind, you're in for a successful, exciting ride with your marketing in 2018. Julia McCoy is the founder of Express Writers, serial content marketer, and best-selling author. Don't overlook what your people want.Optimize Old Content To Increase Your Results With Less Effort Andy Crestodina, Co-Founder And Strategic Director Of Orbit Media Studios Update old content. The most successful marketers will go back and find big value in that deep well of past articles. Older articles often have authority and links. They'd benefit from a rewrite and better relevance. Older articles often convert a good percentage of visitors into subscribers. They'd benefit from a new stream of traffic. Older articles are often easy to rewrite. They're faster to update than writing a new piece. The pros have already figured this out. In fact most marketers have. According to some recent research, 55% of bloggers update old content. They do it for better rankings and more traffic in less time. Maybe you don't need 1000 articles. Maybe you need 100 great articles. Andy Crestodina is a co-founder and the Strategic Director of Orbit Media, an award-winning 38-person web design company in Chicago. Did you know 55% of bloggers update old content?Embrace New + Repurpose Old + Measure Everything Gini Dietrich, CEO of Arment Dietrich And Founder And Author Of Spin Sucks In 2018, the most successful marketers will do three things (I know you asked for only one, but I'm cheating!): Begin to adopt artificial intelligence, chatbots, and/or virtual reality. Optimize their work by repurposing content. Consistently measure their work and tweak and improve as they go. Though many successful marketers have already adopted some of the new technologies, 2018 brings an opportunity to enhance the work they're already doing–and do more. For number two, it's always astounding to me how many marketers (most) don't repurpose any content. They create something once and let it live in a silo. The most successful marketers do not do that. For everything you publish, there should be at least five ancillary pieces you can create. Optimize the heck out of your creations. And then measure your work. Because I am a communications pro, I focus on PR metrics, but the things I push my team, our clients, and our community on are metrics every successful marketer uses. Study them, learn them, implement them. You will be considered a successful marketer by 2019 if you do. Gini Dietrich is the founder and CEO of Arment Dietrich, a Chicago-based integrated marketing communications firm. She is the lead blogger at the PR and marketing blog, Spin Sucks, is co-author of Marketing In the Round, and is co-host of Inside PR, a weekly podcast about communications and social media. Your winning content formula: Embrace New + Repurpose Old + Measure Everything.Spend 80% Of Your Time Scaling, 20% Testing Sujan Patel, Co-Founder Of WebProfits Your approach to marketing shouldn't change in 2018. It should always be 70-80% focusing on scaling and optimizing proven channels and 20-30% on testing new channels. New technologies have made AR mainstream on mobile devices, and new media such as voice search on Amazon Echo, Google Home, and Siri are going to make 2018 an interesting year. With the saturation and increasing competition for internet business, there’s one area where companies can’t afford not  to spend on in 2018: Branding. Your brand/voice and the customers’ perspective of you will play a larger part of the purchase decision. Sujan Patel is a data-driven marketer and entrepreneur. He is a high energy individual fueled by his passion to help people and solve problems. Sujan is the co-founder of WebProfits US, a growth marketing agency software companies, Narrow.io   Mailshake, tools to help marketers build their Twitter following and scale content marketing efforts. Spend 80% of your time scaling, 20% testing.Very Purposefully Stand Out From The Competition Ian Cleary,  CoFounder of OutreachPlus and Founder of RazorSocial Focus more on strategic content and invest more time in content promotion. Content marketing is very competitive, so to stand out, you need to build more strategic assets. These are not 500-word blog posts. They could be surveys that take you weeks to build, a useful software utility for your audience, a whole series of video content, a guide that contains better information than anything available on the internet, etc. When you produce these assets, you then need to invest time in outreach. That's building relationships in the short term to help with strategic content promotion in the long term. Ian Cleary is a CoFounder of OutreachPlus and the Founder of RazorSocial. He works with clients all around the world on with marketing consultancy and training programs focused primarily on content marketing and relationship building (e.g. influencer programs). Focus more on strategic content and invest more time in content promotion.Personalize Experiences With Marketing Automation Barry Feldman, Founder/Owner Of Feldman Creative I see great marketers separating themselves from the pack by gathering and using customer intelligence. It's become widely understood customers want more personalized experiences. The marketers able to nurture the brand/buyer relationship with personalized interactions and experiences that cater to an individual's needs will win more customers and be better equipped to keep them and create brand advocates. Of course, the process of building intelligent profiles of your customers can be handled in a variety of ways. I consult with ShortStack  and their platform provides a great example. Their interactive content- contests, quizzes, and such- encourages prospects to not only engage, but to reveal their wants and needs. And now, there's a marketing automation element to the platform enabling the marketer to follow-up with more personalized communications. It's just one example, but it's a good one. Ask yourself, how can you learn more about your prospects and use the intelligence in your marketing? Barry Feldman, founder of Feldman Creative, is a prolific writer with 25 years of experience bringing his clients' online presence to the next level through copywriting and content marketing creation and consulting. He writes and educates clients on online marketing on The Point  and on many other sites across the web. How can you learn more about your prospects and use the intelligence in your marketing?Listen + Analyze + Plan + Personalize Joei Chan, Content Marketing Manager At Mention In 2018, the most successful marketers will be listening to, working with, and leveraging customers from acquisition to retention. The best marketers will be those who succeed in extracting and analyzing granular customer data and behavior to create personalized and targeted campaigns. This doesn't just mean surveying customers, but actually having a process to incorporating the feedback and making the customer's voice the starting point of your strategy. The feedback can be collected through NPS, CSAT, social media monitoring, behavioral analytics, chatbots, or with AI, etc. In the past customer feedback was usually an afterthought or 'just for reference.' In 2018, every marketing decision you take should be based on customer feedback or data. "We've listened to our customers, this is what's frustrating them, this is what they want, and this is what we're gonna do." Joei Chan  is the Content Marketing Manager at Mention  where she leads marketing campaigns and partnerships for demand generation. Four things successful marketers will do in 2018: Listen + Analyze + Plan + PersonalizeUse Behavioral Data To Tailor Content To The Customer Lifecycle Kim Courvoisier, Director Of Content Marketing And Social Media At Campaign Monitor 2017 has been a heck of a year on all fronts, and marketers need to fasten their seatbelts because 2018 is coming in hot! If 2017 was the year that as marketers we fought for and gained access to data (which many of us did!), then 2018 will be the year that we will use that data in unique ways to power massively relevant campaigns to our prospects and customers. It’s no longer enough to talk the talk about the right message to the right person at the right time. 2018’s most successful marketers must OWN the customer lifecycle and own it like they never have before. The marketing funnel is no longer a linear path to conversion and it won’t be enough to simply cherry pick a few pivotal touchpoints and expect to get results. To be a truly successful marketer in 2018 and beyond, marketers must use behavioral data and personalization to deliver on consumers expectations for messaging and offers that apply uniquely to them. One size fits no one in 2018 and marketers wi ll finally get a command on their data and begin to use it in incredible ways. See more email marketing and automation predictions for 2018 in Campaign Monitor’s 2018 Email Marketing Predictions. The future of email is lit! Kim Courvoisier is a seasoned digital marketing leader specializing in B2B and B2C content marketing, social media, email marketing, customer lifecycle marketing, and SEO. She builds and leads the inbound content strategy to drive lead generation and boost organic traffic, among much more, at Campaign Monitor. 2018’s most successful marketers must OWN the customer lifecycle and own it like they never have...Less â€Å"Marketing†, More Listening Adam Hutchinson, Head Of Marketing At Socedo It's time to strip out the jargon (or worse, sales speak) from our marketing messages, and we need to put human conversations front and center. With buyers bombarded by ads, emails, and cold calls, response rates continue to decline, but marketers are seeing drastic improvements by engaging in existing, meaningful conversations and talking to their audience as people, not just customers. For example, taking a look at some of the most successful B2B social media campaigns from 2017, we can see some common trends: highlighting actual people, leveraging relationships, and using simple, relatable language and imagery. Social is a great place to start, but this needs to be true across tactics, whether it's telling compelling stories in email campaigns or writing content that speaks to personal interests and concerns. It all starts with listening to the right conversations in the first place, and the most successful marketers will turn to social listening tools, intent data providers, and content analytics platforms to understand what the people in their audience care about most. Adam Hutchinson is the Head of Marketing at Socedo. Socedo helps B2B marketers discover, engage, and convert leads using real-time behavioral social data. It's time to strip out the jargon (or worse, sales speak) from our marketing messages.Sometimes, You Have To Pay To Play Chris Von Wilpert, Chief Content Sumo At Sumo Group If I channel the fortune-telling energy from Noah and answer related to content, I would say: â€Å"The most successful marketers in 2018 will use paid to promote their organic. There are so many great content creators out there today, the biggest shift will come from marketers who can master the skill of promoting their content profitably with paid traffic. The rest will die on the content pile of death.† Chris Von Wilpert is the Chief Content Sumo at Sumo Group  where he’s growing the Sumo.com blog from 100k/mo to 500k/mo unique website visitors. The most successful marketers in 2018 will use paid to promote their organic.Stand Out With Competition-Free Content Garrett Moon, CEO And Co-Founder Of , Author Of The 10x Marketing Formula The most successful marketers will create competition-free content that stands out. Content marketing isn’t living up to the hype. Instead of delivering upon its promises of extreme growth, we’ve plunged into the â€Å"trough of disillusionment.† Instead of creating â€Å"copycat† content- which is essentially copying and pasting examples from others- you need to embrace the 10x Marketing Formula. So what’s that? You need to ditch playing follow the leader and start thinking like scrappy startups. It’s results or die. And startups know this better than anyone. Instead of doing what’s safe and comfortable, startups embrace risk and innovation. They reward it. The 10x Marketing Formula is about finding the paths no one else has taken to differentiate yourself and ultimately grow your results 10 times over. The 10x Marketing Formula is about finding the paths no one else has taken to differentiate...4 Key Takeaways From Your 2018 Marketing Predictions First, let’s recap some of the broader 2018 marketing trends from these predictions†¦ ...in 2018, successful marketers will: Be agile, embrace new, and test:  There will (obviously) be new marketing trends that emerge in 2018. Instead of pushing all of your resources into these fads, test them, then embrace what works. Paying to promote your content may be part of this- as marketing enters the trough of disillusionment, your strategy needs to pivot. Scale what you know already works:  Just because new stuff will inevitably come doesn’t mean you should embrace it right away. What you’re already doing is likely already working†¦ so how can you scale it  to get even bigger results? This ties into optimizing old content  and repurposing it. Listen to their  audience, and measure their efforts:  To seriously understand what works while embracing the new (and continue doing what you know already works), you need to listen to your prospects and measure the return on existing marketing projects. This is huge. Successful marketers are 242% more likely to report conducting audience research  at least once per quarter. Personalize content across the customer life cycle:  It’s impossible to plan the funnel experience at a macro level. That said, every click, view, and action indicates a personal level of interest. Based upon that data, you can customize the experiences for specific people who are getting to know your business to strategically lead them closer to that point of purchase.The four things successful marketers will do in 2018 are ...^^^ If you remember the beginning of this article, I asked for this advice so I could use it at †¦ So†¦ What Is Planning For 2018? Well, I wouldn’t plan it if I didn’t predict it to be successful†¦ right? ;) So very soon, you’ll see the demand generation team here at (listed as prioritized): Personalize the content you receive based on your activity:  We’re already working on enhancing your experience with this blog and well beyond. Some of that includes testing new things, covering even more topics like change management, integrated marketing communications, pitching ideas to your team and boss, and a whole lot more. So look forward to it! Continue scaling what we know you love:  We’ll continue analyzing blog post success  and repeating home runs we know you’ll love. Part of that includes our historical optimization process where we update older content to seriously help you solve your biggest marketing challenges. In addition, I see more guides  in our future, more course  releases, and more webinars. Test new:  We have a couple more ideas for freemium tools that will complement the headline analyzer  and social message optimizer. *Insert shriek of excitement here.* An advanced marketing academy is on our radar. And†¦ of course†¦ we’ll publish that book we started  writing in 2017 that I predicted would happen  about a year ago (lol). And, of course, we’ll listen to you every step of the way. ;)

Crime major Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Crime major - Assignment Example One of the weaknesses of this philosophy according to Jervis is that It has the capacity to aggravate the same deeds or actions it sets to avert. Tebbit asserts that "Deterrence fluctuates according to current social circumstances and type of crime rather than according to equitable criteria" (210). However, it make possible the advancement of logical elucidation in peoples manner of conduct. Retribution is a sentencing philosophy that states that delinquents ought to be castigated based on the cruelty of their offense or felony. The establishment of retribution can be traced back to Kants philosophy in 1797. Modern day philosophers consider retribution as having been the main focus of Kants philosophy. One of the weaknesses of this philosophy is that some individuals consider it to being disloyal to the general connotation and significance of life for its support to vengeance (Chambliss 342). The main objective of retribution according to Chambliss is the attainment of "the highest good in the world possible through freedom" (341). Other than being the objective, this in my opinion serves as a strength. The main objective of rehabilitation is to change the mindsets of delinquent individuals and consequently discourage them from committing any other felonies. The philosophy of rehabilitation was adopted in the 1970s when researchers started noticing positive consequences of rehabilitation of delinquents through treatment (Illescas, Sanchez-Meca and Genoves n.p). Though one of the strengths of rehabilitation is the fact that it leads to overall change of behavior, this philosophy fails to put into account that some delinquent behaviors may be as a result of a disability. In other words, there is no clear distinction between disability and impairment. The main objective of this philosophy is to lock up delinquents in a bid to prevent them from engaging in any further delinquent behaviors or activities. The circumstances and state of